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1 best-before date
date f limite de consommation -
2 Usage note : before
When before is used as a preposition in expressions of time or order of sequence or importance, it is translated by avant:before the meeting= avant la réunionshe left before me= elle est partie avant moiFor more examples and particular usages, see A1, 2, 3 in the entry before.When before is used as a preposition meaning in front of (when you are talking about physical space) or in the presence of, it is translated by devant:before our eyes= devant nos yeuxhe declared before his mother that …= il a déclaré devant sa mère que …When before is used as an adjective after a noun, it is translated by précédent/-e:the time before= la fois précédentethe one before is translated by le précédent or la précédente:no, I’m not talking about that meeting but the one before= non, je ne parle pas de cette réunion-là mais de la précédenteFor particular usages see B in the entry before.When before is used as an adverb meaning beforehand, it is translated by avant in statements about the present or future:I’ll try to talk to her before= j’essaierai de lui en parler avantyou could have told me before= tu aurais pu me le dire avantI had met her two or three times before= je l’avais rencontrée deux ou trois fois auparavantI’ve met her before= je l’ai déjà rencontréeyou’ve asked me that question before= tu m’as déjà posé cette questionIn negative sentences before is often used in English simply to reinforce the negative. In such cases it is not translated at all:I’d never eaten snails before= je n’avais jamais mangé d’escargotsyou’ve never told me that before= tu ne m’as jamais dit çaFor particular usages see C in the entry before.When before is used as a conjunction, it is translated by avant de + infinitive where the two verbs have the same subject:before he saw her he recognized her voice= il a reconnu sa voix avant de la voirbefore I cook dinner I’m going to phone my mother= avant de préparer le dîner je vais appeler ma mèreWhere the two verbs have different subjects, the translation is avant que + subjunctive:Tom wants to see her before she leaves= Tom veut la voir avant qu’elle parteSome speakers and writers add ne before the verb: Tom veut la voir avant qu’elle ne parte, but this is simply a slightly precious effect of style and is never obligatory. For particular usages see D in the entry before. -
3 best-before date
Cookery (for foodstuffs) date f limite de consommation; Cars (for batteries, car oil etc) date f limite d'utilisationUn panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > best-before date
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4 then
then [ðen]1. adverba. ( = at that time) à l'époque• by then I knew à ce moment-là, je savais déjà• since then everything's been OK depuis, tous va bienc. ( = next) puis• he went first to London then to Paris il est allé d'abord à Londres, puis à Paris• and then what? et puis après ?d. ( = in that case) alors• but then that means that... mais alors c'est que...• someone had already warned you then? on vous avait donc déjà prévenu ?e. ( = furthermore) et puis► then again ( = on the other hand) pourtant• ... and then again he has always tried to help us... et pourtant, il faut dire qu'il a toujours essayé de nous aider2. adjective* * *Note: When then is used to mean at that time, it is translated by alors or à ce moment-là: I was working in Oxford then = je travaillais alors à Oxford or je travaillais à Oxford à ce moment-là. Note that alors always comes immediately after the verb in FrenchFor translations of since then, until then see the entries since, untilWhen then is used to mean next it can be translated by either puis or ensuite: a man, a horse and then a dog = un homme, un cheval puis or et ensuite un chienWhen then is used to mean in that case it is translated by alors: then why worry? = alors pourquoi s'inquiéter?[ðen] 1.1) ( at that point in time) alors, à ce moment-là; ( implying more distant past) en ce temps-làfrom then on, life became easier — à partir de ce moment-là la vie est devenue plus facile
we won't be in contact until then — nous ne serons pas en contact avant (ce moment-là); there
2) (in sequences: afterwards, next) puis, ensuitethen came the big news — puis or ensuite on nous a annoncé la grande nouvelle
then after that... — ensuite...
and then what? — ( with bated breath) et ensuite?
3) ( in that case) alorsif they're so nice then why not stay with them? — s'ils sont si agréables pourquoi ne pas rester avec eux?
4) (summarizing statement: therefore) donc5) (in addition, besides) puis...aussi6) (modifying previous statement: on the other hand) d'un autre côtéthey said it would rain but then they're often wrong — ils ont prévu de la pluie mais ils se trompent souvent
he looks anxious but then he always does — il a l'air inquiet mais de toute façon il a toujours cet air-là
7) (rounding off a topic: so) alors8) ( focusing on topic) bon2.now then what's all this? — bon, qu'est-ce qui se passe?
adjective (épith)the then mayor of New York, Mr X — M. X, qui était alors maire de New York
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5 you
you [ju:](a) (as plural subject) vous; (as singular subject → polite use) vous; (→ familiar use) tu; (as plural object) vous; (as singular object → polite use) vous; (→ familiar use) te;∎ you didn't ask vous n'avez pas/tu n'as pas demandé;∎ don't you dare! je te le déconseille!;∎ you and I will go together vous et moi/toi et moi irons ensemble;∎ would you like a drink? voulez-vous boire/veux-tu boire quelque chose?;∎ you and yours vous et les vôtres/toi et les tiens;∎ you there! vous là-bas/toi là-bas!;∎ don't you say a word je t'interdis de dire quoi que ce soit;∎ did he see you? est-ce qu'il vous a vu/t'a vu?;∎ I'll get you some dinner je vais vous/te préparer à manger;∎ she gave you the keys elle vous a donné/elle t'a donné les clés∎ all of you vous tous;∎ with you avec vous/toi;∎ for you pour vous/toi;∎ that's men for you ah! les hommes!;∎ she gave the keys to you elle vous a donné/elle t'a donné les clés;∎ between you and me entre nous;∎ now there's a singer for you! ah, voilà un chanteur!;∎ now there's a typical politician for you voilà un politicien type;∎ now there's manners for you! ça au moins, c'est quelqu'un de bien élevé/ce sont des gens bien élevés!; ironic en voilà des manières!∎ you bloody fool! espèce de crétin!;∎ you sweetie! oh, le mignon/la mignonne!;∎ you Americans are all the same vous les Américains ou vous autres Américains, vous êtes tous pareils∎ you mean they chose you tu veux dire qu'ils t'ont choisi toi;∎ you wouldn't do that, would you? vous ne feriez pas cela/tu ne ferais pas cela, n'est-ce pas?;∎ silly/lucky (old) you! quel gros bêta/veinard tu fais!;∎ familiar that jacket/job wasn't you cette veste/ce travail n'était pas ton style;∎ just you try! essaye un peu pour voir!∎ you never know on ne sait jamais;∎ a hot bath does you a world of good un bon bain chaud vous fait un bien immense;∎ you take the first on the left prenez la première à gauche -
6 appearance
1) (what can be seen (of a person, thing etc): From his appearance he seemed very wealthy.) apparence2) (the act of coming into view or coming into a place: The thieves ran off at the sudden appearance of two policemen.) apparition3) (the act of coming before or presenting oneself/itself before the public or a judge etc: his first appearance on the stage.) apparition; comparution -
7 waterworks
noun plural or noun singular (a place in which water is purified and stored before distribution to an area.) ouvrages de purification de l'eau -
8 self-representation
noun ( before tribunal) possibilité f de se représenter -
9 CBD
( abbreviation cash before delivery) règlement m avant livraison -
10 EBIT
( abbreviation earnings before interest and tax) bénéfices m pl avant impôts et charges -
11 EBITDA
( abbreviation earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization) EBITDA m -
12 EEOC
American ( abbreviation Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) = commission pour l'égalité des chances d'emploi aux États-UnisRecent large settlements obtained by the EEOC include the $18 million settlement of sexual and racial harassment claims with Ford Motor Company in September 1999 and a $28 million settlement of an age discrimination case with Johnson & Higgins, Inc. in July 1999. One year before, the EEOC had obtained the largest amount ever paid in the resolution of a sexual harassment case, when Mitsubishi Motor Manufacturing of America agreed to pay $34 million to settle a class action lawsuit filed by the EEOC in April 1996.
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13 appraisal
(of standards, personnel) évaluation f; (of object for insurance purposes) estimation f, appréciation f; (before auction) prisée f;∎ to carry out an appraisal conduire une expertise -
14 earnings
(of person) salaire m, revenus m pl; (of company) revenus;∎ earnings before interest and tax bénéfices m pl avant impôts et charges;∎ earnings per share bénéfice m par actionearnings forecast résultats m pl prévisionnels;earnings growth accroissement m ou augmentation f des bénéfices;earnings retained bénéfices non distribués -
15 paternity leave
congé m de paternitéIan Swinson worked out a monthlong paternity leave before becoming the creative director of eScene Networks, a streaming media applications firm in San Francisco. "If they had said no, there's a good chance I wouldn't have joined," Swinson says. "And I would've left if they hadn't given me the time off [after I started]."
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16 portfolio
(a) (for holding documents) porte-documents mportfolio analysis analyse f de portefeuille;portfolio diversification diversification f de portefeuille;portfolio insurance assurance f de portefeuille;portfolio liquidity liquidité f du portefeuille;portfolio management gestion f de portefeuille;portfolio manager gestionnaire m f de portefeuille;portfolio securities valeurs f pl de portefeuilleportfolio mix portefeuille d'activités(d) portfolio career carrière f multiple;portfolio worker = travailleur qui cumule les emploisThe prototype portfolio workers are surely not web designers but women who do night shifts cleaning so that they can rush back to make the kids' breakfast before doing a stint as a barmaid. Portfolio workers forfeit security, sick pay, holiday pay and pensions in the name of personal autonomy. They carry the burdens that formerly would have rested on corporate shoulders.
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17 redemption
(a) (of bond, share) remboursement m;∎ redemption before due date remboursement anticipéredemption date date f d'échéance;redemption fee, redemption premium prime f de remboursement;redemption price prix m de rachat;redemption value valeur f de remboursement ou de rachat;redemption yield rendement m à l'échéance(b) (of annuity, loan, mortgage) remboursement m -
18 respite
(delay) délai m;∎ we've been given a week's respite before we need to pay on nous a accordé un délai d'une semaine pour payer -
19 roadshow
tournée f de présentationMaritz did not carry out the BA launch in isolation; all staff were briefed face to face on the strategy behind the new identity before it was unveiled to them at a high-tech mobile roadshow. Attendance was not compulsory - staff had to feel they were there through choice.
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20 standstill
to be at a standstill (of economy, production) être paralysé(e)standstill agreement moratoire mThe major shareholders in Anaconda Nickel … have come to a standstill agreement regarding their stakes. In the hectic hours before today's extraordinary general meeting, they agreed not to increase their stakes above 30 percent in the period up to Dec. 31 2001, or 90 days after the publication of key recommendations of a strategic review, whichever is the later.
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